Making the Basic Sailing Maneuvers
Imagine that you’re sailing along on a nice beam reach, but a long shoreline
looms in front of your bow. You can avoid this obstruction by choosing one of
the two basic sailing maneuvers:
Tacking,or changing tacks by turning the boat from one side of the no-
sail zone to the other.
Jibing,or changing tacks by turning the boat away from the wind until
the wind blows on the opposite side.
This section also delves into the most common mistake when tacking: getting
in irons(getting stuck pointing into the wind).
Tacking: Turning toward the wind
Earlier in the “More about that darn no-sail zone” section, we point out that
you must use a zigzag route to reach an upwind destination. First, you sail on a
close-hauled course on one tack, and then you tack(turn the boat through the
no-sail zone) and sail a close-hauled course on the other tack. This maneuver
of turning the boat through the dreaded no-sail zone, or “through the wind,” is
called tacking.
To get to a point upwind, you can either tack once (assuming that the harbor
is wide enough), or you can tack many times — you’re the skipper, so you
decide! Refer back to Figure 5-2 to see examples of several upwind tacks.
Here are the steps to tacking (see Figure 5-10).
1.Prepare your crew by calling out “Ready to tack!”
Make sure that your crew is ready and in their positions.
2.Call out “Tacking!” and begin turning the boat toward the wind (head-
ing up), as shown in the top photo in Figure 5-10.
Instead of “tacking,” some sailors use the term helm’s aleeor hard alee,
meaning that their helm (the rudder) has been put hard over to the lee-
ward side to initiate the turn. As with most sailing terms, any hail will
do, as long as everyone on board understands it.
As you begin to turn, the sail begins to luff wildly. This step is when most
beginners have problems, because if you stop turning at this point, you
get stuck in the no-sail zone.
Don’t forget to duck your head as the boom swings across.
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Chapter 5: Going Sailing: Just the Basics, Please
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